Resveratrol (Resveratrol) is a natural polyphenolic compound with a variety of biological activities, which can be summarized as follows:
1. Antioxidant effect
Mechanism: Resveratrol can scavenge free radicals, activate the Nrf2 pathway, enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes (e.g., superoxide dismutase SOD, glutathione peroxidase) and reduce lipid peroxidation.
Significance: Counteract oxidative stress, delay cellular aging, and protect cells from oxidative damage.
2. Anti-inflammatory effect
Mechanism: Inhibit the key targets in the inflammatory pathway, such as nuclear transcription factor NF-κB, pro-phylactic schizogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), etc., and reduce the level of inflammatory factors (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6).
Significance: Reduce the symptoms of chronic inflammatory diseases (e.g. arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease) and relieve tissue damage.
3. Cardiovascular protective effect
Mechanism: Up-regulate the expression and activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), promote the generation of nitric oxide (NO), diastole, inhibit thrombosis.
Significance: Improve cardiovascular function, reduce the risk of atherosclerosis, and protect chronic ischemic myocardium.
4. Neuroprotective effect
Mechanism: Activate SIRT1 protein, improve mitochondrial function, inhibit neuronal apoptosis, reduce oxidative stress.
Significance: It has potential protective effects on neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease.
5. Metabolic regulation
Mechanism: mimic the effect of calorie restriction, improve insulin sensitivity, regulate blood glucose and lipid metabolism.
Significance: Help prevent metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity.
6. Estrogen-like effect
Mechanism: Competitive binding to estrogen receptors, exerting weak estrogenic effects.
Significance: Relieve postmenopausal osteoporosis and improve menopausal symptoms.